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Using a VPN is a great way to shield your internet traffic when you are traveling, but it is not a solution for encrypting your regional files. .

When the FBI needed information from the San Bernardino shooter's iPhone, they asked Apple to get a back door to get beyond the encryption. But no such back door existed, and Apple refused to make one. The FBI needed to employ hackers to get into the phone.

Why wouldn't Apple help Because the moment a back door or comparable hack is different, it becomes a target, a prize for the poor guys. It'll flow sooner or later. In a talk at Black Hat last summer, Apple's Ivan Krstic disclosed the company has done something similar in their cryptographic servers.

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Apple can't update thembut the poor guys can't get in either. .

All the products in this roundup explicitly state that they have no back door, and that's as it should be. It does mean that if you encrypt an essential document and then forget that the encryption password, you have lost it for good.

Back in the day, if you wanted to maintain a document key you can use a cipher to encrypt it and then burn the original. Or you might lock it up in a safe. The two main methods in encryption utilities parallel with those options.

One type of product simply procedures files and folders, turning them into impenetrable encrypted versions of these. The other creates a virtual disk drive that, when open, behaves like any other drive on your system. When you lock the virtual drive, all the documents that you put into it are completely inaccessible. .

Like the digital drive solution, a few goods store your encrypted information in the cloud. This approach requires extreme caution, obviously. Encrypted data in the cloud has a far larger attack surface than encrypted data on your own PC.

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Which is better It actually depends on how you plan on using encryption. If you are not sure, take advantage of this 30-day free trial offered by each of those products to get a sense of the different options.

After you copy a file into protected storage, or create an encrypted version of it, you definitely need to wipe the unencrypted original. Just deleting it isn't sufficient, even if you skip the Recycle Bin, because the data still exists on disk, and data retrieval utilities can often get it back. .

Some encryption products avoid this issue by encrypting the file in place, literally overwriting it on disc using an image source encrypted version. It is more common, though, to offer safe deletion as an option. If you select something that lacks this attribute, you ought to find a free secure deletion tool to use along with it. .

Overwriting data before deletion is sufficient to balk software-based recovery tools. Hardware-based forensic retrieval works because the magnetic recording of information on a hard drive isn't actually digital. It's more of a waveform. In simple terms, the process involves nulling out the known data and reading around the edges of what's left.

An encryption algorithm is like a black box. Dump a document, picture, or other file into it, and you get back what sounds like gibberish. Run that gibberish back via the box, using the exact same password, and you get back the original.

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The U.S. government has depended on Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) as a standard, and all of the merchandise accumulated here service AES. Even the ones that support other algorithms tend to recommend using AES.

If you are an encryption expert, you may want another algorithm, Blowfish, possibly, or even the Soviet government's GOST. For the average user, however, AES is just fine.

Passwords are important, and you must keep them secret, right Well, not when you use Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) cryptography.

With PKI, you get two keys. One is public; you can discuss it with anyone, register it in a key exchange, tattoo it on your foreheadwhatever you prefer. Another is personal, and needs to be carefully guarded. If I want to send you a secret document, I simply encrypt it with your public key.

Simple! .

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Using this system in reverse, you can create a digital signature which shows that your document came from you and hasn't been altered. How Just encrypt it with read this your private key. The simple fact your public key decrypts it is all the proof you need. PKI support is less common than service for traditional symmetric algorithms. .

If you want to talk click for source about a file with someone and your encryption application doesn't support PKI, there are other options for sharing. Many products enable creation of a self-decrypting executable file. You may also find that the recipient can use a complimentary, decryption-only tool.